Terrestrial Communities

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Terrestrial Community Descriptions

Physiognomic System
Terrestrial Community Key

Terrestrial Forests

Coniferous Terrestrial Forests
- Hemlock (white pine) Forest

Coniferous - Broadleaf Terrestrial Forests

Broadleaf Terrestrial Forests

Terrestrial Woodlands

Coniferous Terrestrial Woodlands

Coniferous - Broadleaf Terrestrial Woodlands

Broadleaf Terrestrial Woodlands

Terrestrial Shrublands

Coniferous Terrestrial Shrublands
- Red-cedar - prickly pear shale shrubland
- Red-cedar - pine serpentine shrubland

Conifer - Broadleaf Terrestrial Shrublands
- Red-cedar - redbud shrubland

Broadleaf Terrestrial Shrublands

Terrestrial Herbaceous Openings

Terrestrial Community Key for Pennsylvania

1. Trees over 5m high dominate the community.
- 2. Canopy closed or nearly closed, majority of crowns over lapping, with between 60% and 100% tree cover
  Terrestrial Forests
- 2. Tree cover sparse, usually between 10% and 60% cover. Shrubs may be present, but do not dominate the community, herbs and non-vascular plant cover may be present at any cover value
  Terrestrial Woodlands
1. Trees over 5m high not present, or if present do not dominate the community, usually less than 25% total cover
- 3. Shrubs and small trees dominant. Herbaceous and non-vascular plants may be present at any cover value, trees may be present but do not dominate community, usually less than 25% cover
  Terrestrial Shrublands
- 3. Community dominated by herbaceous plants
  Terrestrial Herbaceous Openings

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