Climate Change Vulnerability Index

PNHP has completed Climate change vulnerability assessments for 85 species in Pennsylvania using the Climate Change Vulnerability Index (CCVI v2.0) developed by NatureServe. The CCVI allows the user to examine the exposure and sensitivity of a species to a series of risk factors associated with climate change. Presented below are the results of the vulnerability assessments along with the S and G-ranks for each species. The S and G-ranks provide demographic information not contained in the CCVI that should be used in concert with the CCVI scores when interpreting overall results. Definitions for the CCVI scores are provided at the end of the table and each species is linked to a summary sheet that describes the factors contributing most to their climate change vulnerability. Definitions of the state and global rank codes can be found here.

Group	Species	Common Name	CCVI Score	S-rank	G-rank
Amphibian	Cryptobranchus alleganiensis	Eastern hellbender	Extremely vulnerable	S2S3	G3T2
Amphibian	Scaphiopus holbrookii	Spadefoot toad	Extremely vulnerable	S2S3	G5
Amphibian	Ambystoma jeffersonianum	Jefferson salamander	Highly vulnerable	S3	G4
Amphibian	Pseudacris brachyphona	Mountain chorus frog	Highly vulnerable	S2	G5
Bird	Dendroica cerulean	Cerulean warbler	Presumed stable	S4	G4
Bird	Helmitheros vermivorus	Worm-eating warbler	Presumed stable	S4	G5
Bird	Vermivora chrysoptera	Golden-winged warbler	Increase likely	S2B,S3M	G4
Bird	Ammodramus henslowii	Henslow's sparrow	Increase likely	S3B,S2M	G4
Bird	Cygnus columbianus	Tundra swan	Increase likely	S4N,S3M	G5
Bird	Vermivora pinus	Blue-winged warbler	Increase likely	S4	G5
Bird	Hylocichla mustelina	Wood thrush	Increase likely	S4B,S4M	G4
Bird	Paranga olivacea	Scarlet tanager	Increase likely	S5	G5
Bird	Seiurus motacilla	Louisiana waterthrush	Increase likely	S5	G5
Invertebrate - Cave	Stygobromus stellmacki	Stellmack's Cave amphipod	Presumed stable	S1	G1G2
Invertebrate - Cave	Sphalloplana pricei	Refton Cave planarian	Presumed stable	S1	G2G3
Invertebrate - Cave	Caecidotea kenki	an isopod	Presumed stable	S1	G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Pieris virginiensis	West Virginia white	Highly vulnerable	S2S3	G3?
Invertebrate - Insect	Lycaena epixanthe	Bog copper	Highly vulnerable	S2	G4G5
Invertebrate - Insect	Pyrgus wyandot	Appalachian grizzled skipper	Moderately vulnerable	S1	G1G2Q
Invertebrate - Insect	Cicindela marginipennis	Cobblestone tiger beetle	Moderately vulnerable	S1	G2
Invertebrate - Insect	Cicindela ancocisconensis	Appalachian tiger beetle	Moderately vulnerable	S1	G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Gomphus viridifrons	Green-faced clubtail	Moderately vulnerable	S1	G3G4
Invertebrate - Insect	Gomphus quadricolor	Rapids clubtail	Moderately vulnerable	S1S2	G3G4
Invertebrate - Insect	Papaipema sp. 1	Flypoison borer moth	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G2G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Calephelis borealis	Northern metalmark	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G3G4
Invertebrate - Insect	Speyeria idalia	Regal fritillary	Presumed stable	S1	G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Zale curema	Northeastern pine zale	Presumed stable	S1	G3G4
Invertebrate - Insect	Callophrys irus	Frosted elfin	Presumed stable	S1S2	G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Cicindela patruela	Northern barrens tiger beetle	Presumed stable	S2S3	G3
Invertebrate - Insect	Lemmeria digitalis	Fingered lemmeria moth	Presumed stable	S2S4	G4
Invertebrate - Insect	Calycopis cecrops	Red-banded hairstreak	Increase likely	S4	G5
Mammal	Myotis leibii	Eastern small-footed bat	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G4
Mammal	Neotoma magister	Allegheny woodrat	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G3G4
Mammal	Sylvilagus obscurus	Appalachian cottontail	Presumed stable	S1S2	G4
Mammal	Lepus americanus	Snowshoe hare	Presumed stable	S4	G5
Mollusk	Margaritifera margaritifera	Eastern pearlshell	Extremely vulnerable	S1	G4
Mollusk	Alasmidonta heterdon	Dwarf wedgemussel	Highly vulnerable	S1	G1G2
Mollusk	Pleurobema clava	Clubshell	Highly vulnerable	S2	G1G2
Mollusk	Villosa fabalis	Rayed bean	Highly vulnerable	S1S2	G2
Mollusk	Epioblasma torulosa rangiana	Northern riffleshell	Highly vulnerable	S2	G2
Mollusk	Lampsilis cariosa	Yellow lampmussel	Highly vulnerable	S4	G3G4
Plant	Platanthera blephariglottis	White fringed-orchid	Extremely vulnerable	S2S3	G4G5
Plant	Oclemena nemoralis	Leafy bog aster	Extremely vulnerable	S1	G5
Plant	Scheuchzeria palustris	Pod-grass	Extremely vulnerable	S1	G5
Plant	Carex oligosperma	Few-seeded sedge	Extremely vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Muhlenbergia uniflora	Fall dropseed muhly	Extremely vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Utricularia cornuta	Horned bladderwort	Extremely vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Carex limosa	Mud sedge	Extremely vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Andromeda polifolia	Bog-rosemary	Extremely vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Gaultheria hispidula	Creeping snowberry	Extremely vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Rhododendron groenlandicum	Labrador-tea	Extremely vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Abies balsamea	Balsam fir	Extremely vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Picea rubens	Red spruce	Extremely vulnerable	S4	G5
Plant	Kalmia polifolia	Bog laurel	Extremely vulnerable	S4/S5	G5
Plant	Dalibarda repens	Dewdrop	Extremely vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Vaccinium macrocarpon	Cranberry	Highly vulnerable	SNR	G4
Plant	Tipularia discolor	Cranefly orchid	Highly vulnerable	S3	G4G5
Plant	Arceuthobium pusillum	Dwarf mistletoe	Highly vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Carex paupercula	Bog sedge	Highly vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Maianthemum trifolium	False Solomon's-seal	Highly vulnerable	S4	G5
Plant	Rhododendron canadense	Rhodora	Highly vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Coptis trifolia	Goldthread	Highly vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Vaccinium oxycossos	Small cranberry	Highly vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Picea mariana	Black spruce	Highly vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Viola selkirkii	Great spurred violet	Highly vulnerable	S3	G5?
Plant	Ruellia strepens	Wild limestone petunia	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G4G5
Plant	Schoenoplectus subterminalis	Water bulrush	Moderately vulnerable	S3	G4G5
Plant	Quercus phellos	Willow oak	Moderately vulnerable	S2	G5
Plant	Bartonia paniculata	Screwstem	Moderately vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Juncus filiformis	Thread rush	Moderately vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Erythronium albidum	White trout-lily	Moderately vulnerable	S3	G5
Plant	Chamaedaphne calyculata	Leatherleaf	Moderately vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Cornus canadensis	Bunchberry	Moderately vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Rhynchospora alba	White beak-rush	Moderately vulnerable	SNR	G5
Plant	Solidago uliginosa	Bog goldenrod	Presumed stable	S3	G4G5
Plant	Conoclinium coelestinum	Mistflower	Presumed stable	S3	G5
Plant	Galium latifolium	Purple bedstraw	Presumed stable	S3	G5
Plant	Rotala ramosior	Toothcup	Presumed stable	S3	G5
Plant	Salix petiolaris	Meadow willow	Presumed stable	S4	G5
Plant	Eriophorum virginicum	Tawny cotton-grass	Presumed stable	SNR	G5
Plant	Prunus pumila var. depressa	Eastern sand cherry	Presumed stable	S1	G5T5
Reptile	Glyptemys muhlenbergii	Bog turtle	Highly vulnerable	S2	G2G3
Reptile	Clemmys guttata	Spotted turtle	Moderately vulnerable	S3S4	G5
Reptile	Crotalus horridus	Timber rattlesnake	Presumed stable	S3S4	G4
Reptile	Glyptemys insculpta	Wood turtle	Presumed stable	S3S4	G3

Definitions of CCVI Scores

Extremely Vulnerable: Abundance and/or range extent within geographical area assessed extremely likely to substantially decrease or disappear by 2050.

Highly Vulnerable: Abundance and/or range extent within geographical area assessed likely to decrease significantly by 2050.

Moderately Vulnerable: Abundance and/or range extent within geographical area assessed likely to decrease by 2050.

Not Vulnerable/Presumed Stable: Available evidence does not suggest that abundance and/or range extent within the geographic area assessed will change (increase/decrease) substantially by 2050. Actual range boundaries may change.

Not Vulnerable/Increase Likely: Available evidence suggests that abundance and/or range extent within geographic area assessed is likely to increase by 2050.